
简介:
张杰,在高能量密度物理和激光聚变物理前沿研究领域做出重要贡献,并因此于2003年当选中国科学院院士、2007年当选德国国家科学院院士、2008年当选第三世界科学院院士、2011年当选英国皇家工程院外籍院士、2012年当选美国国家科学院外籍院士,2015年获得激光聚变与高能量密度物理领域最重要奖项-美国核学会颁发的爱德华·泰勒奖章。
2006年-2017年任上海交通大学校长,2017年-2018年任中国科学院副院长兼任国科大党委书记。是中国共产党第十七届、十八届中央委员会候补委员,第十三届全国政协常务委员。目前担任中国物理学会理事长。
张杰教授领导的研究团队长期与美国、英国、日本的研究机构开展高水平的国际合作,是国际学术界相关领域最有影响的研究团队之一。
张杰教授主持过多项国家自然科学基金委重大项目,连续三期获得国家自然科学基金委创新群体资助(2012-2020)。张杰教授是科技部两期973项目首席科学家,自2019年起作为首席科学家主持新型激光聚变方案专项研究。
张杰教授曾先后获第三世界科学院TWAS 物理奖、中国青年科学家奖、香港“求是”杰出青年学者奖、中国物理学会饶毓泰物理奖、中国光学学会王大珩光学奖、世界华人物理学会“亚洲成就奖”、何梁何利科技进步、美国核学会颁发的爱德华?泰勒奖(激光聚变领域国际最高奖项)等多个奖项。他领导的团队获2006年度国家自然科学二等奖,2007年度中国科学院杰出科技成就奖,2018年获香港求是科技基金会杰出科技成就集体奖(每年仅一项)。
他曾任亚太物理学会联合会主席、现任香港大学资助委员会(UGC)委员、新加坡国家研究理事会(NRF)外国委员、德国洪堡基金会(AvH)外国专家咨询委员会委员。他还是美国国家科学院在物理领域设立的Comstock Prize和美国物理学会在等离子体领域设立的Ronald Davidson等离子体物理奖遴选委员会委员。他还是香港城市大学荣誉博士(2008)、英国女王大学荣誉博士(2010)、加拿大蒙特利尔大学荣誉博士(2011)、美国罗切斯特大学荣誉博士(2013)。
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主要研究方向:
激光聚变物理、实验室天体物理、强场与超快物理
过去的主要工作及获得的成果:
张杰带领研究团队在快点火激光聚变和高能量密度物理研究前沿做出了一系列重要突破:
1)实现了激光等离子体中超热电子的定向产生和可控传输,为深入理解激光核聚变快点火方案中超热电子的作用并推动这个领域研究做出了重要贡献。他因此荣获2015年度美国核学会爱德华-泰勒奖(激光核聚变和高能量密度物理领域的国际最高奖),成为获此殊荣的首位华人物理学家;
2)利用特殊设计的激光等离子体实验,揭示了磁重联喷流与太阳耀斑中的环顶X射线源产生、太阳冕区中物质喷射、以及日地空间中剧烈的等离子体与磁场活动等重要天体物理过程的直接关系,开拓了天体物理问题研究的新思路,这项研究中的早期结果入选了2011年度中国科学十大进展;
?3)通过大幅度提高能量转换效率和减少等离子体对X射线激光折射等方法,成功地获得了在14纳米到5.8纳米波长范围内的多个波长上实现了X射线激光的饱和输出,解决了通向“水窗”饱和X射线激光的主要难题。该成果曾被“Physics World”列为年度激光领域的重大进展之一。
由于以上成就,他于2003年当选中国科学院院士,2007年当选德国科学院院士,2008年当选第三世界科学院院士,2011年当选英国皇家工程院外籍院士,2012年当选美国国家科学院外籍院士。?
代表性论文及专利:
1.?“Multimillijoule coherent terahertz bursts from picosecond laser-irradiated metal foils”,GQ Liao, YT Li, H Liu, GG Scott, D Neely, BJ Zhu, C Amstrong, E Zemaityte, P Bradford, PG Huggard, DR Rusby, P McKenna, CM Brenner, NC Woolsey, WM Wang, ZM Sheng,?J ZhangProc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 116(10),?3994-3999 (2019).?
2.?“Terahertz?Oscilloscope for Recording Time Information of Ultrashort Electron Beams”,LR Zhao, Z Wang, H Tang, Y Cheng, C Lu, T Jiang, PF Zhu, L Hu, W Song, HD Wang, JQ Qiu, R Kostin, CG Jiang, S Antipov, P?Wang, J Qi, Y Cheng, D Xiang, J Zhang,Physical Review Letters 122, 144801 (2019).?
3.?“Manipulation of polarizations for broadband terahertz waves emitted from laser plasma filaments”,ZL Zhang, YP Chen, S Cui, F He, M Chen, Z Zhang, J Yu, LM Chen, ZM Sheng, J ZhangNature Photonics12 (9), 554, (2018).?
4.?“Terahertz Streaking of Few-Femtosecond Relativistic Electron Beams”,LR Zhao, Z Wang, C Lu, R Wang, C Hu, P Wang, J Qi, T Jiang, SG Liu, ZR Ma, FF Qi, PF Zhu, Y Cheng, ZW Shi, YC Shi, W Song, XX Zhu, JR Shi, YX Wang, LX Yan, LG Zhu, D Xiang, J?Zhang,Physical Review X ?8 (2), 082801 (2018).?
5.?“Ultrahigh-charge electron beams from laser-irradiated solid surface”,Y?Ma, JR Zhao, YF Li, DZ Li, LM Chen, JX Liu, SJD Dann, YY Ma, XH Yang, ZY Ge, ZM Sheng, J Zhang,Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 115 (27), 6980-6985, (2018).
6.?“Collimated ultrabright gamma rays from electron wiggling along a petawatt laser-irradiated wire in the QED regime”,WM Wang, ZM Sheng, P Gibbon, LM Chen, YT Li, J Zhang,Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 115 (40), 9911-9916, (2018).?
7.?“Coulomb-Driven Relativistic Electron Beam Compression”,C Lu, T Jiang, SJ Liu, R Wang, LR Zhao, PF Zhu, D Xiang, J Zhang,?Physical Review Letters 120 (4), 044801 (2018).?
8.?“Multistage Coupling of Laser-Wakefield Accelerators with Curved Plasma Channels”,J?Luo, M Chen, WY Wu, SM Weng, ZM Sheng, CB Schroeder, DA Jaroszynski, E Esarey, WP Leemans, WB Mori, J Zhang,Physical Review Letters 120 (15), 154801 (2018).?
9.?“Laboratory Investigation of Astrophysical Collimated Jets with Intense Lasers”,DW Yuan, YT Li, T Tao, HG Wei, JY Zhong, BJ Zhu, YF Li, JR Zhao, F Li, B Han, Z Zhang, GY Liang, FL Wang, GY Hu, J Zheng, SE Jiang, K Du, YK Ding, SL Zhou, BQ Zhu, JQ Zhu, G Zhao, J Zhang,Astrophysical Journal ?860 (2), 146 (2018).?
10.?“Extreme case of Faraday effect: magnetic splitting of ultrashort laser pulses in plasmas”,SM Weng, Q Zhao, ZM Sheng, W Yu, SX Luan, M Chen, LL Yu, M Murakami, WB Mori, J Zhang,Optica 4 (9), 1086-1091, (2017).?
11.?“Plasma optical modulators for intense lasers”,LL Yu, Y Zhao, LJ Qian, M Chen, SM Weng, ZM Sheng, DA Jaroszynski, WB Mori, J Zhang,Nature Communications,?7, 11893 (2016).?
12.?“Controllable Terahertz Radiation from a Linear-Dipole Array Formed by a Two-Color Laser Filament in Air”,ZL Zhang, YP Chen, M Chen, Z Zhang, J Yu, ZM Sheng, J Zhang,Physical?Review Letters, 117(24), 243901 (2016).?
13.?“Demonstration of Coherent Terahertz Transition Radiation from Relativistic Laser-Solid Interactions”,GQ Liao, YT Li, YH Zhang, H Liu, XL Ge, S Yang, WQ Wei, XH Yuan, YQ Deng, BJ Zhu, Z Zhang, WM Wang, ZM Sheng, LM Chen, X Lu, JL Ma, X Wang, J Zhang,Physical Review Letters, 116(20), 205003 (2016).?
14.?“Relativistic Electrons Produced by Reconnecting Electric Fields in a Laser-Driven Bench-Top Solar Flare”,JY Zhong, J Lin, YT Li, X Wang, Y Li, K Zhang, DW Yuan, YL Ping, HG Wei, JQ Wang, LN Su, F Li, B Han, GQ Liao, CL Yin, Y Fang, X Yuan, C Wang, JR Sun, GY Liang, FL Wang, YK Ding, XT He, JQ Zhu, ZM Sheng, G Li, G Zhao, J Zhang,Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series,?225(2), 30 (2016).?
15.?“Tunable synchrotron-like radiation from centimeter scale plasma channels”,M Chen, J Luo, FY Li, F Liu, ZM Sheng,?J Zhang,Light:Science&Applications, 5, e16015 (2016).?
16.?“Mapping transient electric fields with picosecond electron bunches”,L. Chen, R.Z. Li, J. Chena, P.F. Zhu, F. Liu, J. Cao, Z.M. Sheng, and J. Zhang,Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 112(47),?14479-14483 (2015).?
17.?“Demonstration of nonlinear-energy-spread compensation in relativistic electron bunches with corrugated structures”,F Fu, R Wang, P Zhu, L Zhao, T Jiang, C Lu, S Liu, L Shi, L Yan, H Deng, C Feng, Q Gu, D Huang, B Liu, D Wang, X Wang, M Zhang, Z Zhao, G Stupakov, D Xiang, and J Zhang,Phys. Rev. Lett., 114, 114801 (2015).?
18.?“Multichromatic narrow-energy-spread electron bunches from laser-wakefield acceleration with dual-color lasers”,M Zeng, M Chen, LL Yu, WB Mori, ZM Sheng, B Hidding, DA Jaroszynski, and J Zhang,?Phys. Rev. Lett., 114, 084801 (2015).?
19.?“Bursts of Terahertz radiation from large-scale plasmas irradiated by relativistic picosecond laser pulses”,GQ Liao, YT Li, C Li, LN Su, Y Zheng, M Liu, WM Wang, ZD. Hu, WC Yan, J. Dunn, J. Nilsen, J. Hunter, Y Liu, X Wang, LM Chen, JL Ma, X Lu, Z. Jin, R. Kodama, ZM Sheng and?J Zhang,Phys.?Rev.?Lett.,114, 255001 (2015).?
20.?“Chinese university: reform in three steps”,J Zhang,Nature, 514, 295 (2014).?
21.?“Concurrence of monoenergetic electron beams and bright X-rays from an evolving laser-plasma bubble”,WC Yan, LM Chen, DZ Li, L Zhang, Nasr A. M. Hafz, J. Dunn, Y Ma, K Huang, LN Su, M Chen, ZM Sheng, and J Zhang,Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci.,?111,?5825 (2014).?
22.?“Collimation of energetic electrons from a laser-target interaction by a magnetized target back plasma preformed by a long-pulse laser”,HB Zhuo, ZL Chen, ZM Sheng, M Chen, T Yabuunchi, M Tampo, MY Yu, XH Yang, CT Zhou, KA Tanaka, J Zhang, and R Kodama,Phys. Rev. Lett., 112, 215003 (2014).?
23.?"Dense attosecond electron sheets from laser wakefields using an up-ramp density transition",FY Li, ZM Sheng, Y Liu, J Meyer-ter-Vehn, WB Mori, W Lu, and J Zhang,Phys. Rev. Lett., 110, 135002 (2013).?
24.?“Plasmoid ejection and secondary current sheet generation from magnetic reconnection in laser-plasma interaction”,QL Dong , SJ Wang, QM Lu, C Huang, DW Yuan, X Liu, XX Lin, YT Li, HG Wei, JY Zhong, JR Shi, SE Jiang, YK Ding, BB Jiang, K Du, XT He, MY Yu, CS Liu, S Wang, YJ Tang, JQ Zhu, G Zhao, ZM Sheng and J Zhang,Phys. Rev. Lett., 108, 215001 (2012).?
25.?“Modeling loop-top X-ray source and reconnection outflows in solar flares with intense lasers”,JY Zhong, YT Li, XG Wang, JQ Wang, QL Dong, CJ Xiao, SJ Wang,X Liu, L Zhang, L An, FL Wang, Y Gu, XT He, G Zhao and J Zhang,Nature Physics, 6, 984 (2010).?
26.?“Intense high-contrast femtosecond K-shell X-ray source from laser-driven Ar clusters”,LM Chen, F Liu, W M Wang, M Kando, JY Mao, L Zhang, J L Ma, YT Li, SV Bulanov, T Tajima,,Y Kato, ZM Sheng, ZY Wei, and J Zhang,Phys. Rev. Lett.,104, 215004 (2010).
27.?“X-ray astronomy in the laboratory with a miniature compact object produced by laser-driven implosion”,S Fujioka, H Takabe, N Yamamoto, D Salzmann, FL Wang, H Nishimura, YT Li, QT Dong, SJ Wang, Y Zhang, YJ Rhee, YW Lee, JM Han, M Tanabe, T Fujiwara, Y Nakabayashi, G Zhao, J Zhang, K Mima,Nature Physics 5, 821 (2009).?
28.?“Study of X-ray emission enhancement via a high-contrast femtosecond laser interacting with a solid foil”,LM Chen, M. Kando, MH Xu, YT Li, J. Koga, M Chen, H Xu, XH Yuan, QL Dong, ZM Sheng, S.V. Bulanov, Y. Kato,?J Zhang?and T. Tajima,Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 045004 (2008).?
29.?“Observation of a fast electron beam emitted along the surface of a target irradiated by intense femtosecond laser pulses”,YT Li, XH Yuan, MH Xu, ZY Zheng, ZM Sheng, M Chen, YY Ma, WX Liang, QZ Yu, Y Zhang, F Liu, ZH Wang, ZY Wei, W Zhao, Z Jin, and J Zhang,Phys. Rev. Lett., 96, 165003 (2006).?
30.?“Interaction of light filaments generated by femtosecond laser pulses in air”,TT Xi, X Lu, J Zhang,Phys. Rev. Lett., 96, 025003-4 (2006).?
31.?“Experimental synchronization of independent entangled photo sources”,T Yang, Q Zhang, TY Chen, S Lu, J Yin, JW Pan, ZY Wei, JR Tian, J ZhangPhys. Rev. Lett., 96, 110501 (2006).?
32.?“Emission of Electromagnetic Pulses from Laser Wakefields through Linear Mode Conversion”,ZM Sheng, K Mima, H Sanuki, J Zhang,Phys. Rev. Lett., 94,095003-095006 (2005).?
33.?“High-energy electrons and x-ray photons emitted by water plasmas produced by femtosecond laser pulses”,YT Li, J Zhang, ZM Sheng, H Teng, TJ Liang, XY Peng, X Lu and XW Tang,Phys. Rev. Lett., 90, 1650021-4 (2003).?
34.?“Stochastic heating and acceleration of electrons in colliding laser fields in plasmas”,ZM Sheng, K Mima, Y Sentoku, MS Jovanovic, T Taguchi, J Zhang?and J Meyer-ter-VehnPhys. Rev. Lett., 88, 0550041-4 (2002).?
35.?“Effects of laser polarization on jet emission of fast electrons in ultrashort pulse laser-plasmas”,LM Chen, J Zhang, YT Li, H Teng, TJ Liang, ZM Sheng, and XW Tang,Phys. Rev. Lett., 87, 225001-4 (2001).?
36.?“Angular distribution of fast electrons, ions and Bremsstrahlung X/gamma rays in intense laser interaction with solid targets”,ZM Sheng, Y Sentoku, K Mima,?J Zhang, W Yu and J Meyer-ter-VehnPhys. Rev. Lett., 85, 5340-5343 (2000).?
37.?“A saturated x-ray laser beam at 7 nm”,J Zhang, AG ?MacPhee, J Lin, E Wolfrum, R Smith, C Danson, MH Key, CLS Lewis, D Neely, J Nilsen, GJ Pert, GJ Tallents and JS Wark,Science 276, 1097 (1997).?
38.?“Demonstration of saturation in a Ni-like Ag x-ray laser at 14 nm”,J Zhang, AG MacPhee, J Nilsen, J Lin, TW Barbee Jr, MH Key, CLS ?Lewis, D Neely, RMN O'Rourke, GJ Pert, R Smith, GJ Tallents, JS Wark and E ?Wolfrum,Phys. Rev. Lett.,78, 3856 (1997).?
39.??“Efficient extrexme XUV harmonics generated from picosecond laser pulse interactions with solid targets”,P A Norreys, M Zepf, A P Fews, S Moustaizis, J Zhang, P Lee, M Bakarezos, C N Danson, A Dyson, P Gibbon, P Loukakos, D Neely, F N Walsh, J S Wark and A E Dangor,Phys. Rev. Lett., 76, 1832 (1996).?
40.?“Demonstration of high gain in a recombination x- ray laser at 18.2 nm driven by a 20 J, 2 ps glass laser”,J Zhang, MH Key, PA Norreys, GJ Tallents, A Behjat, C Danson, A Demir, L Dwivedi, M Holden, PB Holden, CLS Lewis, A G MacPhee, D Neely, GJ Pert, SA Ramsden, S J Rose, YF Shao, O Thomas, F Walsh, YL You,Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 1335(1995).
目前的研究课题及展望:
目前张杰正在带领一个由15个单位研究人员组成的大型联合研究团队,利用世界上最先进的强激光实验研究平台,对新型激光核聚变方案开展理论和实验研究,这是目前高能量密度物理最前沿的科学问题。
培养研究生情况:
张杰自1999年回国工作至今,已经在激光核聚变领域和高能量密度物理领域培养了上百位博士,他们中有的许多人已经成长为研究机构和高校的骨干、杰出青年基金获得者等。
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010-82649356
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